Life & Consciousness
Integrated Information Theory (IIT)
Proposes consciousness corresponds to a system’s capacity to integrate information (measured as “phi”), in principle allowing consciousness to be quantified in any physical system, not just brains.
Proponents
Giulio Tononi
Evidence For
Offers a mathematically precise, falsifiable-in-principle framework and correlates with some clinical measures of consciousness level (e.g. under anesthesia).
Evidence Against
Computing phi is often intractable for complex systems; a 2023 open letter signed by over 100 researchers called some of its untestable claims "pseudoscience," a characterization IIT proponents dispute.
Real Sources
Transmissions
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