Physics & Cosmology

Lambda-CDM Model (Big Bang)

mainstream Contemporary 1927 (Lemaître); refined through 1960s–present

The standard model of cosmology: the universe began ~13.8 billion years ago from an extremely hot, dense state and has been expanding and cooling ever since.

Proponents

Georges Lemaître, Edwin Hubble, George Gamow

Evidence For

Cosmic microwave background radiation, observed redshift of galaxies, abundance of light elements matching predictions.

Evidence Against

Requires unexplained dark matter and dark energy to fit observations; horizon and flatness problems motivated inflation as a patch.

Transmissions

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