Philosophy & Meaning
Nihilism
Holds that life has no inherent meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value — any meaning people find is a human invention rather than a discovery about the world.
Proponents
Friedrich Nietzsche (diagnosed it as a cultural crisis), Emil Cioran
Evidence For
Consistent with a purely naturalistic, non-teleological universe in which value requires a valuer, and no cosmic valuer is evident.
Evidence Against
Widely criticized as self-undermining or practically unlivable; Nietzsche himself framed it as a crisis to be overcome rather than an endpoint.
Real Sources
Transmissions
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